Funding & Investment in Travel
What are AI ‘world models,’ and why do they matter?
World models, also known as world simulators, are being touted by some as the next big thing in AI.
AI pioneer Fei-Fei Li’s World Labs has raised $230 million to build “large world models,” and DeepMind hired one of the creators of OpenAI’s video generator, Sora, to work on “world simulators.” (Sora was released on Monday; here are some early impressions.)
But what the heck are these things?
World models take inspiration from the mental models of the world that humans develop naturally. Our brains take the abstract representations from our senses and form them into more concrete understanding of the world around us, producing what we called “models” long before AI adopted the phrase. The predictions our brains make based on these models influence how we perceive the world.
A paper by AI researchers David Ha and Jürgen Schmidhuber gives the example of a baseball batter. Batters have milliseconds to decide how to swing their bat — shorter than the time it takes for visual signals to reach the brain. The reason they’re able to hit a 100-mile-per-hour fastball is because they can instinctively predict where the ball will go, Ha and Schmidhuber say.
“For professional players, this all happens subconsciously,” the research duo writes. “Their muscles reflexively swing the bat at the right time and location in line with their internal models’ predictions. They can quickly act on their predictions of the future without the need to consciously roll out possible future scenarios to form a plan.”
It’s these subconscious reasoning aspects of world models that some believe are prerequisites for human-level intelligence.
Modeling the world
While the concept has been around for decades, world models have gained popularity recently in part because of their promising applications in the field of generative video.
Most, if not all, AI-generated videos veer into uncanny valley territory. Watch them long enough and something bizarre will happen, like limbs twisting and merging into each other.
While a generative model trained on years of video might accurately predict that a basketball bounces, it doesn’t actually have any idea why — just like language models don’t really understand the concepts behind words and phrases. But a world model with even a basic grasp of why the basketball bounces like it does will be better at showing it do that thing.
To enable this kind of insight, world models are trained on a range of data, including photos, audio, videos, and text, with the intent of creating internal representations of how the world works, and the ability to reason about the consequences of actions.
“A viewer expects that the world they’re watching behaves in a similar way to their reality,” Alex Mashrabov, Snap’s ex-AI chief of AI and the CEO of Higgsfield, which is building generative models for video, said. “If a feather drops with the weight of an anvil or a bowling ball shoots up hundreds of feet into the air, it’s jarring and takes the viewer out of the moment. With a strong world model, instead of a creator defining how each object is expected to move — which is tedious, cumbersome, and a poor use of time — the model will understand this.”
But better video generation is only the tip of the iceberg for world models. Researchers including Meta chief AI scientist Yann LeCun say the models could someday be used for sophisticated forecasting and planning in both the digital and physical realm.
In a talk earlier this year, LeCun described how a world model could help achieve a desired goal through reasoning. A model with a base representation of a “world” (e.g. a video of a dirty room), given an objective (a clean room), could come up with a sequence of actions to achieve that objective (deploy vacuums to sweep, clean the dishes, empty the trash) not because that’s a pattern it has observed but because it knows at a deeper level how to go from dirty to clean.
“We need machines that understand the world; [machines] that can remember things, that have intuition, have common sense — things that can reason and plan to the same level as humans,” LeCun said. “Despite what you might have heard from some of the most enthusiastic people, current AI systems are not capable of any of this.”
While LeCun estimates that we’re at least a decade away from the world models he envisions, today’s world models are showing promise as elementary physics simulators.
OpenAI notes in a blog that Sora, which it considers to be a world model, can simulate actions like a painter leaving brush strokes on a canvas. Models like Sora — and Sora itself — can also effectively simulate video games. For example, Sora can render a Minecraft-like UI and game world.
Future world models may be able to generate 3D worlds on demand for gaming, virtual photography, and more, World Labs co-founder Justin Johnson said on an episode of the a16z podcast.
“We already have the ability to create virtual, interactive worlds, but it costs hundreds and hundreds of millions of dollars and a ton of development time,” Johnson said. “[World models] will let you not just get an image or a clip out, but a fully simulated, vibrant, and interactive 3D world.”
High hurdles
While the concept is enticing, many technical challenges stand in the way.
Training and running world models requires massive compute power even compared to the amount currently used by generative models. While some of the latest language models can run on a modern smartphone, Sora (arguably an early world model) would require thousands of GPUs to train and run, especially if their use becomes commonplace.
World models, like all AI models, also hallucinate — and internalize biases in their training data. A world model trained largely on videos of sunny weather in European cities might struggle to comprehend or depict Korean cities in snowy conditions, for example, or simply do so incorrectly.
A general lack of training data threatens to exacerbate these issues, says Mashrabov.
“We have seen models being really limited with generations of people of a certain type or race,” he said. “Training data for a world model must be broad enough to cover a diverse set of scenarios, but also highly specific to where the AI can deeply understand the nuances of those scenarios.”
In a recent post, AI startup Runway’s CEO, Cristóbal Valenzuela, says that data and engineering issues prevent today’s models from accurately capturing the behavior of a world’s inhabitants (e.g. humans and animals). “Models will need to generate consistent maps of the environment,” he said, “and the ability to navigate and interact in those environments.”
If all the major hurdles are overcome, though, Mashrabov believes that world models could “more robustly” bridge AI with the real world — leading to breakthroughs not only in virtual world generation but robotics and AI decision-making.
They could also spawn more capable robots.
Robots today are limited in what they can do because they don’t have an awareness of the world around them (or their own bodies). World models could give them that awareness, Mashrabov said — at least to a point.
“With an advanced world model, an AI could develop a personal understanding of whatever scenario it’s placed in,” he said, “and start to reason out possible solutions.”
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This story originally published October 28, 2024, and was updated December 14, 2024, with new updates about Sora.
Funding & Investment in Travel
‘Life-changing for our industry,’ Indigenous Tourism Association of Canada secures 7-year deal for $35M annually to boost tourism
The Indigenous Tourism Association of Canada (ITAC) is entering a new chapter, and it’s one fuelled by stability, ambition, and a $35 million-a-year investment.
Backed by a seven-year Social Impact Funding, ITAC’s newly-released 2025-2026 Operational Plan outlines the organization’s goals: to strengthen Indigenous tourism businesses and elevate Canada’s standing as a global leader in authentic Indigenous travel experiences.
“This funding truly is life-changing for our industry. You always have to find sustainability and we haven’t been able to bring that sense of stability to Indigenous tourism. This is life-changing because it gives us seven years of stability that we can advance and continue to build,” Keith Henry, president and CEO of ITAC, told Now Toronto on Thursday.
The plan arrives at a critical moment since the Indigenous tourism sector was hit hard by the pandemic.
In 2018, the sector contributed $1.7 billion to Canada’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and by 2023, that number had dropped by 24 per cent, according to ITAC.
The association’s goal is to reverse that trajectory and by 2030, the organization hopes to support 2,700 businesses, create 60,000 jobs, and contribute $6 billion annually to Canada’s GDP.
To get there, ITAC is investing in key areas that include $6 million in marketing (both international and domestic), $8 million in business support, $5 million in workforce development for on-the-job training and wage subsidies, and $3 million to support provincial and territorial Indigenous tourism organizations.
The plan also includes $1.8 million to expand the International Indigenous Tourism Conference and $1 million to launch a new Indigenous Tourism Heritage Fund focused on supporting large-scale projects.
But for Henry, it’s not just about numbers. It’s about positioning Canada as a global leader in Indigenous tourism — something he believes the country is ready for.
“Canada, although we have some great Indigenous-owned businesses, we’re not there yet,” he said. “But we feel that prioritizing these areas will certainly help that.”
The demand, he adds, is already there, both from Canadians and tourists.
“We did survey work and… it was like eight out of 10 Canadians genuinely support reconciliation and want to come experience Indigenous culture,” Henry said.
“The demand has risen domestically. It’s rising internationally. And I really feel that Canada can be a global leader as an Indigenous destination which is not known well enough yet, not only within Canada, but to the world. So, I think that this gives us a chance to really show what we can do for the next seven years.”
The new funding model also gives ITAC more flexibility to engage directly with international markets, especially in the U.S., where Henry says demand for Indigenous experiences is rising fast.
“We know at least one in three Americans want to add an Indigenous experience when they visit Canada. We can now invest more heavily in more direct marketing in the U.S.,” he said.
Despite global uncertainties, including U.S. tariffs, Henry remains optimistic.
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“We just gotta rise… just be positive… We know that U.S. citizens love to come to Canada and want to add Indigenous experiences,” he said.
Looking ahead, ITAC also hopes to leverage upcoming global events, such as the 2026 FIFA World Cup, to elevate the visibility of Indigenous tourism on the world stage.
“To really be a player at these international events, you have to be able to invest in marketing… Those are going to be another opportunity for us.”
He encourages Canadians to learn more at destinationindigenous.ca, which showcases Indigenous tourism businesses and experiences from coast-to-coast.
“We’ve been working hard for many, many years to build Indigenous tourism experiences, and now we’re finally going to be able to continue to elevate them.”
Funding & Investment in Travel
7 Great Time Travel TV Shows Worth Watching
Time travel has long been one of the most irresistible concepts in science fiction — the idea that we could undo past mistakes, witness history firsthand, or peek into the future has fueled some of the most imaginative stories in pop culture. But while plenty of shows have used time travel as a flashy plot device, only a handful truly dig into its emotional, philosophical, and narrative potential. That’s what makes this genre so endlessly fascinating. When it’s done right, time travel becomes more than just a way to move characters through history. It becomes a lens to explore identity, memory, morality, and fate itself.
The best time travel shows don’t just ask, “What if we could go back?” – they wonder if we at all should. They look at how a single choice can ripple across generations, how changing one moment might break another, and how even when you outrun time, you can’t always escape the implications. Some are grounded in hard science, while others revel in fantasy and chaos, but the common thread is that they make the stakes deeply personal. Whether you’re into cerebral puzzles, emotional arcs, action-packed missions, or stories so weird they defy classification, this list has something for every kind of time travel fan. From European mind-benders like Dark to the delightfully anarchic world of Dirk Gently, from underrated gems like Seven Days to iconic staples like Doctor Who, these seven shows prove just how expansive — and emotionally resonant — the concept of time travel can be.
1) Dark
Netflix’s Dark is a philosophical deep dive into determinism, fate, and the ways we’re often trapped by the past. Set in the quiet town of Winden, the story begins with the disappearance of a young boy, but quickly unravels into a sprawling tale that spans generations, centuries, and alternate dimensions. The show intricately weaves four families into a cycle of secrets, betrayals, and cosmic loops. What sets Dark apart is its absolute commitment to narrative complexity. This isn’t a show to half-watch while scrolling your phone. It’s meticulously plotted and demands your full attention and rewards it tenfold. The writing is airtight, the atmosphere haunting, and the emotional stakes are as high as the sci-fi concepts are deep. It’s a masterclass in time travel storytelling that somehow makes the most mind-bending paradoxes feel devastatingly personal.
2) Seven Days
Seven Days flew under the radar in its original run from 1998 to 2001, but it deserves a second look for fans of high-stakes, procedural-style sci-fi. The series follows Frank Parker (Jonathan LaPaglia), a former Navy SEAL and CIA operative, chosen for an experimental black ops project that uses alien technology to send him exactly seven days back in time. The catch? He only has one week to avert events that risk national and global security, like assassinations, man-made disasters, terrorist attacks, before they become irreversible.
The show consistently blends military drama with science fiction and cleverly uses the seven-day limitation, which adds built-in tension to every episode. The unpredictable nature of the alien tech also creates specific issues, from time loops and black holes being created in the vessel’s hull to intercepting spirits of the dead. Parker isn’t a superhero — he’s a flawed, often sarcastic everyman, and his missions are rarely clean. Despite some dated elements, Seven Days holds up surprisingly well as a punchy, clever thriller with a premise that’s still ripe for a modern reboot. It’s classic ‘90s genre TV in the best way.
3) 12 Monkeys
Starting out as a reimagining of Terry Gilliam’s 1995 film, which in turn adapted Chris Marker’s 1962 featurette “La Jetée”, 12 Monkeys quickly evolved into one of the smartest and most emotionally fulfilling time travel shows ever made. It follows James Cole, a scavenger from a ravaged future, who’s sent back in time to stop the release of a deadly virus that decimates most of humanity and keeps mutating in ways that would mean the eventual end of the species. But the story grows far beyond that premise, weaving together ancient conspiracies, looping timelines, alternate realities, and a story of love, loss, and loyalty that spans decades.
12 Monkeys fearlessly embraces the chaos of time travel, then somehow brings everything together with clarity and emotional weight. By the time it reaches its final season, every detail matters, every loop is accounted for, and the character arcs hit hard. It explores many heavy themes, from questions of existence, individual and corporate poverty, organised religion, disability in the face of annihilation, and more. It’s a series that starts out solid and ends as a sci-fi epic — emotionally rich, intellectually rewarding, and deeply satisfying.
4) Travelers
Travelers imagines a bleak future where humanity’s only hope is sending consciousnesses back in time, right into the bodies of people moments before their deaths to avoid impacting the timeline. These “travelers” inherit lives they didn’t choose, from spouses to jobs and addictions. Each one is part of a mission to subtly alter events and nudge history toward a better outcome, guided by a mysterious AI known as The Director.
The show balances action and sci-fi with deeply human dilemmas. These operatives might be on world-saving missions, but they also have to navigate the emotional fallout of inhabiting real lives. How do you pretend to be someone’s husband or mother? What happens when your past self’s choices catch up to you? Travelers raises powerful questions about identity, sacrifice, and morality. Smartly written and emotionally grounded, it’s one of those rare sci-fi shows that sticks with you long after the mission ends.
5) Timeless
If you like your time travel with a mix of historical drama, big adventure, and character-driven narrative, Timeless is your jam. The show kicks off when a criminal organization steals a time machine to alter American history, prompting the government to send a mismatched trio — a soldier (Matt Lanter), a programmer (Malcolm Barrett), and a historian (Abigail Spencer) — back in time to stop them.
While the premise sounds simple, the show evolves into a nuanced, high-stakes narrative about legacy, sacrifice, and how the past shapes identity. Each episode drops the team into iconic moments in history — from the Hindenburg disaster to the Watergate scandal — while also subtly exploring how different communities were impacted by those events. With dynamic chemistry between its leads and consistently sharp writing, Timeless stands out for how much heart it brings to every mission. It’s one of those rare sci-fi shows that makes you care as much about the people as the paradoxes.
6) Doctor Who
Of course, no list about must-watch time-travel shows can be considered complete without Doctor Who. Few shows can claim the cultural impact of the British sci-fi staple that has reinvented itself time and again since its debut in 1963. The Doctor is a time-traveling alien with the ability to regenerate into a new form every time they are close to death. Armed with a blue police box called the TARDIS and a sonic screwdriver that can open nearly any door, the Doctor journeys across time and space, befriending incredible characters, having intergalactic (mis)adventures, and fighting ancient and futuristic creatures.
That basic formula has allowed for nearly unlimited creativity, so one episode might be set in ancient Rome, the next on a distant moon, the next in present-day Sheffield. But Doctor Who isn’t just about the wild adventures and timey wimey stuff. It’s about the power of compassion, the pain of change, and the beauty of fleeting moments. Its best stories often come when it uses time travel to examine human emotion. With each new Doctor comes a fresh tone and energy, making the series constantly evolve while still feeling like home to millions of fans.
7) Dirk Gently’s Holistic Detective Agency
Equal parts absurdist comedy, cosmic mystery, and surprisingly emotional journey, Dirk Gently’s Holistic Detective Agency is unlike anything else in the time travel genre. Or television, to be fair. Based loosely on the novels by Douglas Adams, which, in turn, are loosely based on the adventures of Doctor Who, the show follows Dirk (Samuel Barnett), a self-proclaimed “holistic detective” who believes the universe will lead him to where he needs to be to solve cases as long as he embraces the chaos.
Alongside reluctant sidekick Todd (Elijah Wood), Dirk stumbles through a tangled web of timelines, murder plots, cults, and talking animals. Despite its seemingly nonsensical surface, everything eventually ties together in unexpected, satisfying ways. The writing is sharp, the performances are endearing, and the show carries an emotional undercurrent that sneaks up on you. Dirk Gently is wild, weird, and wonderful in ways that drive home Dirk’s unwavering belief that “Everything is connected.”
Funding & Investment in Travel
MULTIMEDIA: Social media leads the way for Chinese tourists in Malaysia
Saturday, 19 Jul 2025
More Chinese tourists are letting their online feed decide what to eat, see and do in Malaysia. From cool photo spots to viral food videos, social media is becoming more of a tour guide, with influencers also promoting our nation’s charms.
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